Which of the following are NOT macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus?

• A. I only
• B. I, II
• C. III, IV
• D. I, III, IV

Answer: (C)

The key idea is telling apart macrovascular from microvascular problems in diabetes. Macrovascular complications involve large blood vessels and include things like heart disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. Microvascular complications involve small vessels and include retinopathy (eye), nephropathy (kidney), and neuropathy (nerves).

To find which are not macrovascular, you look for the items that describe microvascular issues. If III and IV are microvascular problems, then they are not macrovascular, which matches the given answer. In other words, the option that identifies the microvascular complications as not macrovascular is the correct choice.